Що таке AMSAT? AMSAT (Amateur Satellite Corporation) є міжнародною аматорською організацією, яка об'єднує в своїх рядах радіоаматорів, які цікавляться проведенням зв'язків один з одним через апаратуру, встановлену на штучному супутнику Землі. Як офіційна організація AMSAT існує з 1969 року і була зареєстрована як некомерційна організація в District of Columbia (США).

Основна мета AMSAT - створювати можливість радіоаматорам брати участь в космічних дослідженнях і космічної радіозв'язку. За зразком цієї організації в багатьох країнах світу створені свої організації любителів супутникового зв'язку. Більшість з них також містить у своїй назві слово AMSAT.

Найбільш відомими серед радіоаматорів є AMSAT-NA (Північна Америка), AMSAT - DE (Німеччина) і AMSAT - UK (Великобританія) .Багато з цих організацій тісно співпрацюють один з одним, допомагаючи розробляти, будувати, налагоджувати апаратуру аматорських космічних апаратів, допомагаючи один одному в запуску та управлінні супутниками. Для реалізації найбільш складних проектів формуються з добровольців міжнародні команди.

Супутники, розробка, виготовлення і виведення на орбіту яких проходить під егідою організації AMSAT стали отримувати найменування, що починаються зі слів AMSAT-OSCAR і чергового номера (див. Таблицю параметрів діючих електронних супутників). Наприклад, AMSAT-OSCAR 40 (АТ-40). Починаючи з того періоду організацією AMSAT було введено поняття Фаза (Phase).

До Phase 1 відносяться супутники, що знаходяться на дуже низьких приполярних кругових орбітах. До таких супутників ставилися Sputnik I, OSCAR'и I, II, III, супутники Iskra 1, 2, RS-21 (Kolibri-2000) та інші.

До Phase 2 відносяться супутники на більш високих приполярних кругових орбітах, такі як OSCAR'и 6, 7, 8, UoSAT Oscar'и 9, 11, радянські супутники типу RS. Сюди відноситься також велика група супутників, відомих під назвою MICROSAT. Це дуже маленькі за розмірами супутники, в яких розміщена апаратури цифрових ретрансляторів, розроблена в університеті Surrey (Великобританія).

До Phase 3 відносяться супутники, що знаходяться на еліптичній орбіті.

OSCAR 1 – Launch Date: 12 December 1961 – Organization: Project OSCAR

OSCAR 2 – Launch Date: 2 June 1962 – Organization: Project OSCAR

OSCAR 3 – Launch Date: 9 March 1965 – Organization: Project OSCAR

OSCAR 4 – Launch Date: 21 December 1965 – Organization: TRW Radio Club / Project Oscar

Australis-OSCAR 5 (AO-5) – Launch Date: 23 January 1970 – Organization: University of Melburn (Australia)

AMSAT– OSCAR 6 (AO-6) – Launch Date: 15 October 1972 – Organization: AMSAT-NA

AMSAT–OSCAR 7 (AO-7) – Launch Date: 15 November 1974 – Organization: AMSAT-NA

AMSAT–OSCAR 8 (AO-8) – Launch Date: 5 March 1978 – Organization: AMSAT-NA, AMSAT-DL, JARL

UOSAT–OSCAR 9 (UO-9) – Launch Date: 6 October 1981 – Organization: University of Surrey (GB)

AMSAT–OSCAR 10 (AO-10) – Launch Date: 16 June 1983 – Organization: AMSATNA / AMSAT-DL

UoSAT– OSCAR 11 (UO-11) – Launch Date: 1 March 1984 – Organization: University of Surrey (GB)

Fuji–OSCAR 12 (FO-12) – Launch Date: 12 August 1986 – Organization: JARL- Japan Amateur Radio League

AMSAT–OSCAR 13 (AO-13) – Launch Date: 15 June 1988 – Organization: AMSAT DL

UoSAT–OSCAR 14 (UO-14) – Launch Date: 22 January 1990 – Organization: University of Surrey (GB)

UoSAT–OSCAR 15 (UO-15) – Launch Date: 22 January 1990 – Organization: University of Surrey (GB)

AMSAT–OSCAR 16 (AO-16) – Launch Date: 22 January 1990 – Organization: AMSAT – NA

Dove-OSCAR 17 (DO-17) – Launch Date: 22 January 1990 – Organization: AMSAT Brazil

LUSAT-OSCAR 19 (LO-19) – Launch Date: 22 January 1990 – Organization: AMSAT Argentina

Weber-OSCAR 18 (WO-18) – Launch Date: 22 January 1990 – Organization: Weber State University

Fuji-OSCAR 20 (FO-20) – Launch Date: 7 February 1990 – Organization: Japan Amateur Radio League

AMSAT-OSCAR 21 (AO-21) – Launch Date: 29 January 1991 – Organization: AMSAT-U/AMSAT-DL

Radio Sputnik 12 (RS-12) – Launch Date: 5 Febraury1991 – Organization: Radio Sport Federation

Radio Sputnik 13 (RS-13) – Launch Date: 5 Febraury 1991 – Organization: Radio Sport Federation

UoSAT-OSCAR 22 (UO-22) – Launch Date: 17 July 1991 – Organization: University of Surrey

KitSAT-OSCAR 23 (KO-23) – Launch Date: 10 August 1992 – Organization: Korean Advanced Institute of Science and Technology

Arsene-OSCAR 24 (AO-24) – Launch Date: 12 May 1993 – Organization: Radio Amateur Club de l’Espace

KitSAT-OSCAR 25 (KO-25) – Launch Date: 26 September 1993 – Organization: Korean Advanced Institute of Science and Technology

Italy-OSCAR-26 (IO-26) ITAMSAT – Launch Date: 26 September 1993 – Organization: AMSAT-IT

AMRAD-OSCAR 27 (AO-27) – Launch Date: 26 September 1993 – Organization:AMRAD/Interferometrics

POSAT-OSCAR 28 (PO-28) – Launch Date: 26 September 1993 – Organization: Portuguese Consortium

Radio-Sputnik 15 (RS-15) – Launch Date: 26 December 1994 – Organization: Radio Amateurs (Russia)

Fuji-OSCAR 29 (FO-29) – Launch Date: 17 August 1996 -Organization: Japan Amateur Radio League

Mexico-OSCAR 30 (MO-30) – Launch Date: 5 September 1996 – Organization: National University of Mexico

Thai-Microsatellite-OSCAR 31 (TO-31) – Launch Date: 10 July 1998 – Organization: Mahanakorn University of Technology

Gurwin OSCAR-32 (GO-32) – Launch Date: 10 July 1998 – Organization: Technion Institute of Technology

SEDSat-OSCAR 33 (SO-33) – Launch Date: 24 October 1998 – Organization: Students for the Exploration and Development of Space

Pansat-OSCAR 34 (PO-34) – Launch Date: 29 October 1998 – Organization: Naval Posgraduate School, Monterey

ARISS (Amateur Radio on the International Space Station) – Launch Date: 20 November 1998 – Organization: ARISS/AMSAT/ARRL

SUNSAT-OSCAR 35 (SO-35) – Launch Date: 23 February 1999 – Organization: University of Stellenbosch

UoSAT-OSCAR 36 (UO-36) – Launch Date: 21 April 1999 – Organization: University of Surrey

ASU-OSCAR 37 (AO-37) – Launch Date: 27 January 2000 – Organization:Arizona State University

OPAL-Oscar 38 (OO-38) – Launch Date: 27 January 2000 – Organization: Stanford Aeronautics and Astronautics

Weber-OSCAR 39 (WO-39) – Launch Date: 27 January 2000 – Organization: Weber State University

Saudi-OSCAR 41 (SO-41) – Launch Date: 26 September 2000 – Organization: King Abdulaziz University for Science & Technology

Saudi-OSCAR 42 (SO-42) – Launch Date: 26 September 2000 – Organization: King Abdulaziz University for Science & Technology

Malaysian-OSCAR 46 (MO-46) – Launch Date: 26 September 2000 – Organization: The Malaysian Government

AMSAT-OSCAR 40 (AO-40) – Launch Date: 16 November 2000 – Organization: AMSAT-DL/AMSAT-NA

Navy-OSCAR 44 (NO-44) – Launch Date: 30 September 2001 – Organization: US Naval Academy

Starshine-OSCAR 43 (SO-43) – Launch Date: 30 September 2001 – Organization: U.S. Naval Research Laboratory

Navy-OSCAR 45 (NO-45) – Launch Date: 30 September 2001 – Organization: Stanford University Washington University – St.Louis

BreizhSAT-OSCAR 48 (BO-48) – Launch Date: 4 May 2002 – Organization: AMSAT-FR

BreizhSAT-OSCAR 47 (BO-47) – Launch Date: 4 May 2002 – Organization: AMSAT-FR

Saudi-OSCAR 50 (SO-50) – Launch Date: 20 December 2002 – Organization: King Abdulaziz University for Science & Technology

Rubin 2 – AATiS-OSCAR 49 (AO-49) / SAFIR M – Launch Date: 20 December 2002 – Organization: NO / Privato Fuchs Group (OHB System, Bremen and Carlo Gavazzi Space)

CubeSat-OSCAR 55 (CO-55) – Launch Date: 30 June 2003 – Organization: Tokyo Institute of Technology Matunaga LSS

CubeSat-OSCAR 57 (CO-57) – Launch Date: 30 June 2003 – Organization: University of Tokyo

CanX-1 – Launch Date: 30 June 2003 – Organization: University of Toronto, SFL

DTUSat – Launch Date: 30 June 2003 – Organization: Technical University of Denmark.

AAU Cubesat – Launch Date: 30 June 2003 – Organization: Aalborg University

RS-22 – Launch Date: 27 September 2003 -Organization: Mozhaisky Military Space University

AMSAT-OSCAR 51 (AO-51) – Launch Date: 28 June 2004 -Organization: AMSAT-NA

VUSat OSCAR-52 (VO-52) – Launch Date: 5 May 2005 – Organization: AMSAT-India

PCSat2 – Launch Date: 3 August 2005 – Organization: US Naval Academy

AMSAT-OSCAR 54 (AO-54) – Launch Date: 8 September 2005 – Organization: ARISS/AMSAT

eXpress-OSCAR 53 (XO-53) – Launch Date: 27 October 2005 – Organization: Student Space Exploration and Technology

CubeSat-OSCAR 58 (CO-58) – Launch Date: 27 October 2005 – Organization: University of Tokyo

UWE-1 – Launch Date: 27 October 2005 – Organization: University of Würzburg

NCube-2 – Launch Date: 27 October 2005 – Organization: University of Oslo

CubeSat-OSCAR 56 (CO-56) – Launch Date: 21 February 2006 – Organization: Tokyo Institute of Technology Matunaga LSS

K7RR-Sat – Launch Date: 26 July 2006 – Organization: California Polytechnic University

CP2 – Launch Date: 26 July 2006 – Organization: California Polytechnic University

HAUSAT1 – Launch Date: 26 July 2006 – Organization: Hankuk Aviation University

ICE Cube 1 – Launch Date: 26 July 2006 – Organization: Cornell University

ICE Cube 2 – Launch Date: 26 July 2006 – Organization: Cornell University

ION – Launch Date: 26 July 2006 – Organization: University of Illinois

KUTEsat – Launch Date: 26 July 2006 – Organization: University of Kansas

MEROPE – Launch Date: 26 July 2006 – Organization: Montana State University

nCUBE1 – Launch Date: 26 July 2006 – Organization: University of Technology

RINCON – Launch Date: 26 July 2006 – Organization: University of Arizona

SACRED – Launch Date: 26 July 2006 – Organization: University of Arizona

SEEDS – Launch Date: 26 July 2006 – Organization: Nihon University

Voyager – Launch Date: 26 July 2006 – Organization: University of Hawaii

PicPot – Launch Date: 26 July 2006 – Politecnico di Torino, Italy

HITSat-OSCAR 59 (HO-59) – Launch Date: 22 September 2006 – Organization: Hokkaido Institute of Technology.

GeneSat-1 – Launch Date: 16 December 2006 – Organization: NASA Ames Research Center / Stanford University

Navy-OSCAR 61 (NO-61) – Launch Date: 21 December 2006 – Organization: US Naval Academy

Navy OSCAR-60 (NO-60) – Launch Date: 21 December 2006 – Organization: US Naval Academy

Navy Oscar 62 (NO-62) – Launch Date: 21 December 2006

CP3 – Launch Date: 17 April 2007 – Organization: California Polytechnic University

LIBERTAD-1 – Launch Date: 17 April 2007 Organization: Universidad Sergio Arboleda

CAPE-1 – Launch Date: 17 April 2007 – Organization: University of Louisiana

CP4 – Launch Date: 17 April 2007 – Organization: California Polytechnic State University

Pehuensat-OSCAR-63 (PO-63) – Launch Date: 1 October 2007 – Organization: University of Comahue, Argentine Asociation for Space Technology and AMSAT Argentina

Delfi OSCAR-64 (DO-64) – Launch Date: 28 April 2008 – Organization: Delft University of Technology

Cubesat Oscar-65 (CO-65) – Launch Date: 28 April 2008 – Organization: Tokyo Institute of Technology

Cubesat Oscar-66 (CO-66) – Launch Date: 28 April 2008 – Organization: Nihon University

COMPASS-1 – Launch Date: 28 April 2008 – Organization: Aachen University of Applied Sciences

RS-30 – Launch Date: 23 May 2008 -Organization: ISS-Reshetnev Company

PRISM – Launch Date: 23 January 2009 – Organization: Intelligent Space Systems Laboratory (ISSL) of University of Tokyo

KKS-1 – Launch Date: 23 January 2009 -Organization: Tokyo Metropolitan College of Industrial Technology

STARS – Launch Date: 23 January 2009 – Organization: Kagawa University

Castor – Launch Date: 30 July 2009 – Organization: Naval Research Laborator

Pollux – Launch Date: 30 July 2009 – Organization: Naval Research Laboratory

Aggiesat-2 – Launch Date: 30 July 2009 – Organization: AggieSat Lab at Texas A&M University

PARADIGM – Launch Date: 30 July 2009 – Organization: The University of Texas at Austin

Sumbandila Oscar 67 (SO-67) – Launch Date: 17 September 2009 -Organization: AMSAT-SA

SwissCube – Launch Date: 23 September 2009 – Organization: Ecole Polytechnique Federale De Lausanne

ITUpSAT1 – Launch Date: 23 September 2009 – Organization: Istanbul Teknik Universitesi

UWE 2 – Launch Date: 23 September 2009 – Organization: Universitat Wurzburg

BEESAT – Launch Date: 23 September 2009 – Organization: Technische Universitat Berlin

Hope Oscar 68 (HO-68) – Launch Date: 15 December 2009 – Organization: CAMSAT

Fastrac Oscar 69 (FO-69) – – Launch Date: 20 November 2010 – Organization: The University of Texas at Austin

Fastrac Oscar 70 (FO-70) – Launch Date: 20 November 2010 – Organization: The University of Texas at Austin

RAX – Launch Date: 20 November 2010 – Organization: University of Michigan and SRI International

O/OREOS – Launch Date: 20 November 2010 – Organization: NASA Ames and Santa Clara University

NanoSail-D2 – Launch Date: 20 November 2010 – Organization: NASA and Santa Clara University

ARISSat-1 – Launch Date: 28 January 2011 – Organization: AMSAT and RSC Energia

KySat-1 – Launch Date: 4 March 2011 – Organization: Kentucky Space

SRMSAT – Launch Date: 12 October 2011 – Organization: SRM University

Xatcobeo – Launch Date: 13 February 2012 – Organization: Universidade de Vigo

Robusta – Launch Date: 13 February 2012 – Organization: IES – Université Montpellier 2

e-st@r – Launch Date: 13 February 2012 – Organization: Politecnico di Torino

Goliat – Launch Date: 13 February 2012 – Organization: University of Bucharest

MagyarSat-OSCAR 72 (MO-72) – Launch Date: 13 February 2012 – Organization: Budapest University of Technology and Economics

Proiteres – Launch Date: 9 September 2012 – Organization: Osaka Institute of Technology (OIT)

F-1 – Launch Date: 4 October 2012 – Organization: FPT Technology Research Institute